LUNGS
Description:
The lungs encompass the bronchial tree, contained in the thoracic cavity, and divides into the right and left lung with the mediastinum. The lung has a double-layer membrane called the pleura, allowing smooth contraction when breathing. They are spongy and contain inhaled air. The right lung has three lobes and a greater volume, while the left lung has two lobes and is narrower but longer. Finally, they produce their own mucus to protect the organ from germs.
Diseases and Conditions
Emphysema
A chronic disease caused by smoking, tobacco, or a lack of Alpha-1 antitrypsin protein in the blood causing white blood cells to damage tissue. After the tissue in the air sacs is damaged, the air gets trapped and the lungs grow, causing airflow limitations and difficulty breathing.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
A pneumonia caused by a virus, known for its outbreak in East Asia in 2003, it is very contagious due to it spreading through liquids. It can cause a dry cough and it is potentially deadly.
Asthma
Allergies, pollution, and viruses cause the inflammation of the bronchi and the secretion of too much mucus. It can lead to shortness of breath and wheezing. Asthma attacks may require inhalers or long-term medications to lower mucus levels.
Pneumothorax
Also known as a collapsed lung, the air is present between the lungs and the chest wall. It makes it difficult to inhale, and the lack of pressure inside the lung, called atelectasis, causes shortness of breath. It can occur either by diseases or injuries.
Pleural effusion
The buildup of fluid in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall. It can cause shortness of breath and chest pain.
Pleural effusion
The buildup of fluid in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall. It can cause shortness of breath and chest pain.