SMALL INTESTINE
Description:
The small intestine is separated into three main sections; after the stomach, food will travel through the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Like the rest of the gastrointestinal tract, the outer wall is made of mucosa, but it also contains small projections called villi, which are covered with even smaller microvilli. The purpose of this is to enlarge the surface area of the small intestine to allow for better absorption, which is the main function of the small intestine. In addition to the absorption of nutrients, the small intestine also undergoes peristalsis. As it travels down, it will mix with enzymes from accessory organs before entering the large intestine.
Diseases and Conditions
Enteritis
Also known as the stomach flu, this is when a bacteria or virus from contaminated food and water causes inflammation within the small intestinal, causing cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea. To prevent it, one should wash their hands often.
Celiac Disease
This is an autoimmune disease caused when consuming gluten (a protein in grains). It causes damage within the villi, causing less absorption of nutrients, contributing to malnutrition.
Short bowel syndrome
SBS is a condition that occurs when people have to have part of their small intestine removed. It causes a lack of nutrients, causing weight loss and dehydration.
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
This is caused when peristaltic contractions are irregular(either unsynchronized or weak), and leads to a blockage within the organ. It will result in bloating.